Biotechnology : Principles and Processes

Process of Recombinant DNA Technology


  1. After isolating and cutting the DNA of specific locations, PCR [Polymerase chain Reaction] is performed to amplify the gene, which involves three steps namely. (i) Denaturation (94°C – 96°C) (ii) Annealing (40°C – 60°C) (iii) Extension (72°C), by using DNA Template, primers and Enzyme – DNA Polymerase (Taq polymerase)
  2. Taq polymerase is a thermostable enzyme isolated from a cyanobacteria thermus aquaticus.
  3. PCR has other applications like pathogen detection, detection of mutation, Palaentology, Gene therapy and etc;
  4. After the transformants are obtained, Bioreactors are used to produce the desirable products of the transgene inserted. Two types of reactors are stirred Tank type and bubble column (or) Air lift Fermentor.
  5. Three basic types of Fermentation process are (i) Batch (ii) Fed Batch (iii) Continuous.
  6. Finally the product is separated and purified by a collective process called Downstream Processing.

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