Plant Kingdom

Salient features and classification of plants


  • Eukaryotic, autotrophic (or) photosynthetic, non-motile organisms constitute Plant kingdom which includes Algae, Bryophyte, Pteridophyte, Gymnosperm and Angiosperm as proposed by R.H. Whittaker in 1969.
  • Plants have a cellulosic cell wall and some aquatic forms are motile.
  • All the taxonomists Prom Aristotle to Linnaeus proposed the Artificial system of classification, which is primitive (or) the oldest system, based on a few morphological characters.
  • Way more practical is the Natural system of classification which is based on all the possible characters, which give more importance to floral characters than the vegetative characters.
  • Sokel and sneath proposed the Phylogenetic system of classification, which gave equal importance to all the characters.
  • Eichler (1883) divided plant kingdom into 2 sub-kingdoms namely Cryptogamae (Plants without seeds, where sex organs are invisible) and Phanerogamae (Seed plants with visible sex organs)
  • Cryptogamae comprises Thallophyta, Bryophyta and Pteridophyta.

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