Motional Electromotive Force and Eddy Current

1. If rod is moving by making an angle θ with the direction of magnetic field or length, induced emf e = Bvl sin θ

2. If conducting rod moves on two parallel conducting rails as in time t distance travelled by conductor = vt
Area generated A = lvt. Flux linked with this area Φ = BA = Blvt. Hence induced emf |e| = \frac{d\phi}{dt} = Bvl

3. Induced current : i = \frac{e}{R} = \frac{Bvl}{R}

4. Magnetic force : Conductor PQ experiences a magnetic force in opposite direction of it's motion and F_{m} = Bil = B\left[\frac{Bvl}{R}\right]l = \frac{B^{2}vl^{2}}{R}

5. Power dissipated in moving the conductor : For uniform motion of rod PQ, the rate of doing mechanical work by external agent or mech. power delivered by external source is given as P_{mech} = P_{ext} = \frac{dW}{dt} = F_{ext}.v = \frac{B^{2}vl^{2}}{R} \times v = \frac{B^{2}v^{2}l^{2}}{R}

6. Cycle wheel : In a conducting wheel each spoke of length l is rotating with angular velocity ω in a given magnetic field as
e_{net} = \frac{1}{2} B\omega l^{2}; \omega = 2\pi v

7. Induced emf in coil : Induced emf also changes in periodic manner that's why phenomenon called periodic EMI.
e = -\frac{d\phi}{dt} = NBA \ \omega \sin \omega t