Oscillations and Waves

Transverse and longitudinal waves


Transverse wave: A wave in which the particles of the medium vibrate at right angles to the direction of propagation of wave is called a transverse wave.This wave travel in the form of crests and troughs.

Longitudinal wave: A wave in which the particles of the medium vibrate in the same direction in which wave is propagating is called a longitudinal wave.This wave travel in the form of compressions and rare fractions.

Transverse Waves View the Topic in this video From 0:23 To 10:15

Longitudinal Waves View the Topic in this video From 0:20 To 4:54

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1. The equation of displacement relation in a progressive wave is given by
y(x, t) = a sin (kx − ωt + Φ)

2. The speed of transverse wave on a stretched string is given by
\tt v = \sqrt{\frac{T}{\mu}}

3. The general formula for speed of longitudinal waves in a medium is
\tt v = \sqrt{\frac{\beta}{\rho}}

4. The speed of longitudinal waves in a solid bar is
\tt v = \sqrt{\frac{Y}{\rho}}

5. The speed of a longitudinal wave in an ideal gas is given by
\tt v = \sqrt{\frac{p}{\rho}}

6. Laplace's correction He pointed out that the pressure variation in the propagation of sound are adiabatic and not isothermal. Thus,
\tt v = \sqrt{\frac{\gamma p}{\rho}}