States of Matter: Gases and Liquids

Intermolecular Forces and Thermal Energy


London force (or) dispersion force: Observed in between non polar atoms or non polar molecules.
e.g. Xe and Xe
CH4 and CH4 and CCl4 and CCl4
F\propto\frac{1}{r^{6}}

Dipole-Dipole attraction: Attraction between polar compounds


\therefore\ F\propto\frac{1}{r^{3}} → Stationary solid state
\therefore\ F\propto\frac{1}{r^{6}} → Rotational molecule

Induced dipole-dipole attraction: These are in between polar and Non-polar compounds
Ex: Solubility of inert gases in water

Volume: 1dm3 = (10 cm)3 = 1000 cc = 1000 mL = 1L

Pressure: \tt P=\frac{F}{a}
\tt P=\frac{F}{a}=\frac{mg}{a}\ \ P\Rightarrow\frac{d\times v}{a}=\frac{a\times h\times d\times g}{a}
P = hdg

In C.G.S, P = hdg, P = 1.013125 × 106 dyne/cm2
In S.I, P = hdg, 1 atm = 1.01325 Bar
Temperature \tt \frac{F-32}{9}=\frac{C}{5}

Part1: View the Topic in this Video from 2:20 to 57:11

Part2: View the Topic in this Video from 0:57 to 47:45

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1. S.I unit of temperature is Kelvin (K) or absolute degree.
                        K = °C + 273

2. Relation between F and °C is \tt \frac{{^{o}}C}{5} =\frac{^{o}F-32}{9}

3. \tt Pressure \left(P\right) = \frac{Force\left(F\right)}{Area\left(A\right)} = \frac{Mass\left(m\right) \times Acceleration\left(a\right)}{Area\left(A\right)}

4. Absolute pressure = Gauge pressure + Atmosphere pressure