Organic Chemistry: Some basic Principles and Techniques

Detection and Estimation of Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Halogens, Sulphur and Phosphorus


Detection of Elements :

The qualitative analysis of an organic compound involves the detection of all the elements present in it.

Different methods for detection of elements:
Lassaigne Method: Nitrogen, Sulphur and Halogen
Soda Lime Test: Nitrogen
Oxidation Test: Sulphur
Beilstein's Test: Halogens

Estimation of Elements :

Various methods commonly used for the quantitative estimation of principal elements are
Leibig's Method: Carbon and Hydrogen
Duma's Method: Nitrogen
Kjeldahl's Method: Nitrogen
Carius Method: Halogens, Sulphur and Phosphorus
Aluise's Method: Oxygen

Part1: View the Topic in this Video from 32:23 to 58:48

Part2: View the Topic in this Video from 0:45 to 54:11

Disclaimer: Compete.etutor.co may from time to time provide links to third party Internet sites under their respective fair use policy and it may from time to time provide materials from such third parties on this website. These third party sites and any third party materials are provided for viewers convenience and for non-commercial educational purpose only. Compete does not operate or control in any respect any information, products or services available on these third party sites. Compete.etutor.co makes no representations whatsoever concerning the content of these sites and the fact that compete.etutor.co has provided a link to such sites is NOT an endorsement, authorization, sponsorship, or affiliation by compete.etutor.co with respect to such sites, its services, the products displayed, its owners, or its providers.

1. % of C = \tt \frac{12}{44}\times \frac{weight \ of \ CO_{2}}{w}\times 100
where, w = weight of the compound

2. % of H = \tt \frac{2}{18}\times \frac{weight \ of \ H_{2}O}{w}\times 100

3. % of Cl = \tt \frac{35.5}{143.5}\times \frac{weight \ of \ AgCl}{w}\times 100

4. % of Br = \tt \frac{80}{188}\times \frac{weight \ of \ AgBr}{w}\times 100

5. % of I = \tt \frac{127}{235}\times \frac{weight \ of \ AgI}{w}\times 100

6. % of S = \tt \frac{32}{233}\times \frac{weight \ of \ BaSO_{4}}{w}\times 100

7. % of N = \tt \frac{28}{22400}\times \frac{volume \ of \ N_{2}\ at \ NTP}{w}\times 100(Duma's method)

8. % of N = \tt \frac{14 \ M \times 2 \left(V-V/2\right)}{w} (Kjeldahl's method)

9. % of O = 100 - (% of rest of the elements)

10. % of P = \tt \frac{62}{222}\times \frac{mass \ of \ Mg_{2}P_{2}O_{7} \ formed}{mass \ of \ substance \ taken}\times 100